Fit a linear regression model from data.
Regression analysis is a common statistical tool used to model relationships between variables and to explore the influencing factors underlying observed spatial data patterns. This entry focuses on the most basic form of regression model: linear regression. The notations, inference, assumptions, and diagnostics of linear regression are introduced, and interpretations of linear regression results are demonstrated using an empirical example in R software. The entry concludes with a brief discussion of the challenges of applying standard linear regression to spatial data.